A Classification and Assessment of Research Streams on Low Cost Modeling in Civil Aviation Transportation Industry

This article attempts to identify key research streams in Civil Aviation Transportation Industry during the past decade and highlights the evolution of the literature. Progress in six established research thrusts and a new research stream is discussed. Using content analysis, the existing research is also examined from a methodological point of view. The review provides evidence for an increasingly sophisticated and rich body of knowledge in global Civil Aviation Transportation Industry. Keywords: Civil Aviation Transportation Industry (CATI), Low Cost Strategies (LCS), Low Cost Carriers (LCCs), Classification, Assessment

Modeling the Civil Aircraft Operations for the Optimization of Fuel Consumption in Indian Air Transport Industry

This paper presents a model for the optimization of fuel consumption during the operations of civil aircrafts. Several parameters were identified which effect the aircraft fuel consumption during its operations from the literature. An informational framework was developed. It was evaluated, validated and refined. Average importance rating of decision variables was done. The unimportant variables were discarded and information refinement is done for the important and moderate variables. The information refinement is done by applying the Principal Component Analysis with the help of MS excels and a fuel optimization model was developed. Aviation model specific variables can be selectively simulated to obtain the fuel consumption optimization model for that particular product. Further we hope our work will serve its intended purpose by its industrial implementation and will actually help reduce aviation fuel consumption.   Keyword: Air transport industry, Aircraft operations, Aviation turbine fuel (ATF), Fuel consumption, Fuel optimizatio

Identification of Dimensions of the Optimization of Fuel Consumption in Air Transport Industry: A Literature Review

The objective of this paper is to identify the parameters regarding the fuel consumption optimization in air transport industry. Today due to high oil prices, energy crises, boomed competition, and traffic growth, fuel consumption is becoming a critical aspect in aviation industry. Therefore in such a highly competitive environment optimization of fuel consumption is essential in the airline industry for the survival of an airline. This literature reviews the various journals, articles, conference papers, and thesis work etc. related to fuel consumption in aviation industry after the Arab oil embargo in 1973 to 2010. Literature review identifies the several parameters which effect the fuel consumption in airline. This paper also suggests the importance of research gaps and bridging of research gaps for the optimization of fuel consumption. Current research effort for the optimization of fuel consumption needs a holistic model for customized optimization of fuel consumption. For developing the holistic model the study identifies parameters which effect the fuel consumption in aviation industry. This work develops informational framework of optimization of fuel consumption. The evaluation of informational framework will be done in term of reliability and validity checking. The extracted information will further be subjected to factor analysis. This study would form an input for aviation sector to achieve optimal fuel consumption. Keywords:  Aviation industry, Fuel consumption, Optimizatio

Energy efficient decision fusion for differential space-time block codes in wireless sensor networks

147-156The non-coherent techniques that do not require the channel state information have gained significant interest especially when multiple transmitter and receiver nodes are involved in communication. In this paper, we analyze the energy efficiency of differential and coherent cooperative Multiple-input Multiple-output (MIMO) method using space-time block codes (STBC). We exploit the benefits of the extension of the observation interval of differential STBC to three blocks in Wireless sensor networks (WSNs). We propose an energy efficient decision fusion (EEDF) algorithm in WSNs which utilizes the benefits of Multiple symbol differential detection (MSDD) decision fusion by optimally selecting the ring amplitude of the differential amplitude phase shift keying (DAPSK) constellation. The simulation results show that processing differential multiple symbols provides significant energy saving compared to the conventional two-symbol processing. Furthermore, significant performance gain is achieved for the proposed algorithm compared to 16 DPSK MSDD decision fusions

Energy efficient decision fusion for differential space-time block codes in wireless sensor networks

The non-coherent techniques that do not require the channel state information have gained significant interest especially when multiple transmitter and receiver nodes are involved in communication. In this paper, we analyze the energy efficiency of differential and coherent cooperative Multiple-input Multiple-output (MIMO) method using space-time block codes (STBC). We exploit the benefits of the extension of the observation interval of differential STBC to three blocks in Wireless sensor networks (WSNs). We propose an energy efficient decision fusion (EEDF) algorithm in WSNs which utilizes the benefits of Multiple symbol differential detection (MSDD) decision fusion by optimally selecting the ring amplitude of the differential amplitude phase shift keying (DAPSK) constellation. The simulation results show that processing differential multiple symbols provides significant energy saving compared to the conventional two-symbol processing. Furthermore, significant performance gain is achieved for the proposed algorithm compared to 16 DPSK MSDD decision fusions

Production, Purification, Stability and Efficacy of Bacteriocin from Isolates of Natural Lactic Acid Fermentation of Vegetables

Procijenjena je i okarakterizirana antimikrobiološka aktivnost djelomično pročišćenog bakteriocina proizvedenog tijekom prirodne mliječno-kisele fermentacije mrkve, rotkvice i krastavca. Od 10 sojeva, soj CA 44 roda Lactobacillus, izoliran tijekom fermentacije mrkve, proizveo je bakteriocin s maksimalnom antimikrobnom aktivnošću protiv bakterija Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus i Bacillus cereus, iako je bio djelotvorniji protiv E. coli nego protiv druge dvije bakterije. Bakteriocin je bio stabilan do 100 °C, a njegova je aktivnost bila manja nego na 68 °C i potpuno je nestala pri 121 °C. Maksimalna antimikrobna aktivnost održala se pri pH-vrijednosti od 4 do 5, a dodatak papaina imao je negativno djelovanje. Bakteriocin je bio djelotvoran i protiv B. cereus u raznim proizvodima od voća (pulpa, sok i vino), što znači da se može upotrijebiti kao biokonzervans u voćnim proizvodima.The antimicrobial activity of partially purified bacteriocin produced during natural lactic acid fermentation of carrot, radish and cucumber was assessed and characterized. Out of ten strains, the isolated strain CA 44 of Lactobacillus genus from carrot fermentation produced bacteriocin with maximum antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus, though it was more effective against E. coli than others. Bacteriocin was stable at up to 100 °C but its activity declined compared to that at 68 °C and was completely lost at 121 °C. The maximum antimicrobial activity was retained within the pH range of 4–5, but it was adversely affected by the addition of papain. Bacteriocin was also effective against B. cereus in different fruit products (pulp, juice and wine) indicating its potential application as a biopreservative in fruit products

Efficacy and safety of Glycebal (PDM011011) capsules as adjuvant therapy in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus: an open label, randomized, active controlled, phase II trial

Background. Momordica charantia is a medicinal plant used traditionally for treatment of various diseases including diabetes.Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of PDM011011 capsules (1.2 g/day) as an adjuvant therapy in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods. Each PDM011011 capsule contained 400 mg dry fruit juice powder of Momordica charantia. Ninety three T2DM patients receiving at least one oral hypoglycemic treatment were screened. The eligible 85 subjects were randomized into 3:1 ratio in drug treatment (PDM011011 capsules) and placebo arm. Sixty-four patients received three 400 mg PDM011011 capsules (1.2 g/day) while 21 patients received three placebo capsules per day for 90 days respectively. The primary efficacy endpoints were mean change in FPG, PPG level and HbA1c% from baseline to day 30, 60 and 90 after interventions.Results. PDM011011-capsule (1.2 g/day) showed significant reduction in FPG level by 14.59% after 90 days treatment, while patients receiving placebo capsules exhibited a marginal increase of 2.12%. The reduction in FPG level was statistically significant (p = 0.013) as compared with the placebo group. It also reduced PPG level by 22.21% as compared to the 3.71% reduction (p = 0.002) in placebo group. The encouraging reduction in HbA1c% in the drug group was 0.78 as compared to the placebo group with only 0.20 (p = 0.066). PDM011011 capsule showed no adverse events, serious adverse events and death in the study population.Conclusion. PDM011011-capsule (1.2 g/day) showed good efficacy and safety; and it can be prescribed as an adjuvant therapy in subjects with T2DM

A Membrane Fusion Protein αSNAP Is a Novel Regulator of Epithelial Apical Junctions

Tight junctions (TJs) and adherens junctions (AJs) are key determinants of the structure and permeability of epithelial barriers. Although exocytic delivery to the cell surface is crucial for junctional assembly, little is known about the mechanisms controlling TJ and AJ exocytosis. This study was aimed at investigating whether a key mediator of exocytosis, soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor (NSF) attachment protein alpha (αSNAP), regulates epithelial junctions. αSNAP was enriched at apical junctions in SK-CO15 and T84 colonic epithelial cells and in normal human intestinal mucosa. siRNA-mediated knockdown of αSNAP inhibited AJ/TJ assembly and establishment of the paracellular barrier in SK-CO15 cells, which was accompanied by a significant down-regulation of p120-catenin and E-cadherin expression. A selective depletion of p120 catenin effectively disrupted AJ and TJ structure and compromised the epithelial barrier. However, overexpression of p120 catenin did not rescue the defects of junctional structure and permeability caused by αSNAP knockdown thereby suggesting the involvement of additional mechanisms. Such mechanisms did not depend on NSF functions or induction of cell death, but were associated with disruption of the Golgi complex and down-regulation of a Golgi-associated guanidine nucleotide exchange factor, GBF1. These findings suggest novel roles for αSNAP in promoting the formation of epithelial AJs and TJs by controlling Golgi-dependent expression and trafficking of junctional proteins

CURATION AND MANAGEMENT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE THROUGH LIBRARIES

Libraries, museums and archives hold valuable collections in a variety of media, presenting a vast body of knowledge rooted in the history of human civilisation. These form the repository of the wisdom of great works by thinkers of past and the present. The holdings of these institutions are priceless heritage of the mankind as they preserve documents, ideas, and the oral and written records. To value the cultural heritage and to care for it as a treasure bequeathed to us by our ancestors is the major responsibility of libraries. The past records constitute a natural resource and are indispensable to the present generation as well as to the generations to come. Libraries preserve the documentary heritage resources for which they are primarily responsible. Any loss of such materials is simply irreplaceable. Therefore, preserving this intellectual, cultural heritage becomes not only the academic commitment but also the moral responsibility of the librarians/information scientists, who are in charge of these repositories. The high quality of the papers and the discussion represent the thinking and experience of experts in their particular fields. The contributed papers also relate to the methodology used in libraries in Asia to provide access to manuscripts and cultural heritage. The volume discusses best practices in Knowledge preservation and how to collaborate and preserve the culture. The book also deals with manuscript and archives issues in the digital era. The approach of this book is concise, comprehensively, covering all major aspects of preservation and conservation through libraries. The readership of the book is not just limited to library and information science professionals, but also for those involved in conservation, preservation, restoration or other related disciplines. The book will be useful for librarians, archivists and conservators. We thank the Sunan Kalijaga University, Special Libraries Association- Asian Chapter for their trust and their constant support, all the contributors for their submissions, the members of the Local and International Committee for their reviewing effort for making this publication possible